Ergotalkaloidhaltige Pilze der Familien Clavicipitaceae und Hypocreaceae

Acremonium spp.

Reich: Fungi Abteilung: Ascomycota Klasse: Pyrenomycetes Ordnung: Hypocreales Familie: Hypocreaceae Genus: Acremonium

Acremonium coenophialum MORGAN-JONES et GAMS enthält Ergin, Ergoverlin, Agroclavin, Chanoclavin, Penniclavin und andere Clavinalkaloide (Lyons et al. 1986; Porter 1995).

enthält Clavinalkaloide (Bock et al. 2002).

„Eine bislang unbekannte Acremonium-Art ist bekannt für ihre pharmakologische Wirkung auf Pferde, die sich vom (..) Stipa robusta ernähren. In dieser Art konnten Ergin, Isoergin, Ergonovin, 8-Hydroxy-Lysergsäureamid und Chanoclavin (…) nachgewiesen werden.” (Bock et al. 2002)

Balansia spp.

Reich: Fungi Abteilung: Ascomycota Klasse: Pyrenomycetes Ordnung: Hypocreales Familie: Clavicipitaceae Genus: Balansia

Balansia cyperi EDGERTON

Balansia claviceps SPEG. enthält Ergonovin und Chanoclavin (Porter et al. 1979).

Balansia epichloë (WEESE) DIEHL enthält Ergonovin, Elymoclavin, Agroclavin, Chanoclavin, Penniclavin und andere Clavinalkaloide (Porter et al. 1979).

Balansia henningsiana (Möller) Diehl enthält Ergonovin (Bacon et al. 1981).

Balansia strangulans (MONT.) DIEHL

Claviceps spp.

Reich: Fungi Abteilung: Ascomycota Klasse: Pyrenomycetes

Ordnung: Clavicipitales Familie: Clavicipitaceae Genus: Claviceps

Claviceps africana FREDERICKSON, MANTLE et de MILLIANO enthält Elymoclavin, Agroclavin, und andere Clavinalkaloide (Mantle 1968).

Claviceps cynodontis LANGDON enthält Ergotalkaloide (Bock et al. 2002).

Claviceps fusiformis LOVELESS enthält Elymoclavin, Lysergol, Agroclavin, Penniclavin, Lysergene und andere Ergotalkaloide (Agurell et Ramstad 1962).

Claviceps gigantea FUENTES, DE LOURDES, ULLSTRUP et RODRIGUES enthält Elymoclavin, Agroclavin und andere Ergotalkaloide (Agurell et al. 1963).

Claviceps glabra LANGDON

Claviceps imperatae TANDA et KAWATANI enthält Agroclavin, Ergonovin und andere Ergotalkaloide (Tanda et Kawatani, 1976).

Claviceps litoralis KAWATANI enthält Ergonovin, Elymoclavin, Agroclavin, Penniclavin, Triseclavin, Lysergol, Lysergen (Tanda et Kawatani 1980; Abe et al. 1955a; 1955c; 1961).

Claviceps microspora TANDA enthält Agroclavin, Elymoclavin sowie einige wasserlösliche Ergotalkaloide (Abe et al., 1955b).

Claviceps miscanthi SAWADA enthält Elymoclavin, Ergonovin, Agroclavin sowie einige wasserlösliche Ergotalkaloide (Tanda 1991).

Claviceps nirgicans TUL.

Claviceps paspali STEVENS et HALL enthält Ergin, Ergonovin, Chanoclavin, Agrpclavin, Elymoclavin, Isoergin, Lysergsäure-N-1-hydroxyethylamide und zwei nicht identifizierte Ergotalkaloide (Arcamone et al. 1960; Groger et al. 1961; Kobel et al. 1964; Brar et al. 1968).

Claviceps purpurea (FRIES) TULASNE Willaman et Hui-Lin 1970; Abe et al. 1961).

Claviceps purpurea var. sasae TANDA enthält Elymoclavin, Ergonovin and Agroclavin (Tanda 1973a).

Claviceps sorghi KULKARNI et al. enthält Spuren von Agroclavin (Frederickson et al. 1991).

Epichloë spp.

Reich: Fungi Abteilung: Ascomycota Klasse: Pyrenomycetes

Ordnung: Clavicipitales Familie: Clavicipitaceae

Genus: Epichloë

Epichloë typhina (PERS. ex FR.) TUL. Enthält Elymoclavin, Penniclavin, Agroclavin, Festuclavin, Ergovalin und Ergovalinin (Porter et al. 1981).

Hypomyces spp.

Reich: Fungi Abteilung: Ascomycota Klasse: Pyrenomycetes

Ordnung: Hypocreales Familie: Hypocreaceae Genus: Hypomyces

Hypomyces aurantius (Pers.) Tul. enthält Elymoclavin, Agroclavin und Chanoclavin sowie zwei andere Clavinalkaloide und zwei Ergotalkaloide vom Peptid-Typus (Bock et al. 2002).

Bibliografie

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Porter, J.K.; Bacon, C.W.; Robbins, J.D. (1974), Major alkaloids of a Claviceps isolated from toxic Bermuda grass, Journal Agricultural Food Chemistry 22(5): 838-841

Read, J.C.; Camp, B.J. (1986), The effect of the fungal endophyte Acremonium coenophialum in tall fescue on animal performance, toxicity, and stand maintenance; Agron. J. 78: 848-850

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Tanda, S. (1991), Mycological Studies on the Ergot in Japan (XXIII): Taxonomic re-examination of ergots on eulalia (Miscanthus sinensis) and it allies, J. Agricultural Science of the Tokyo University Agriculture 35: 213-229

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